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Returns the radial wavefunction R_{nl} for a 3d isotropic harmonic
oscillator.
Parameters
==========
n :
The "nodal" quantum number. Corresponds to the number of nodes in
the wavefunction. ``n >= 0``
l :
The quantum number for orbital angular momentum.
nu :
mass-scaled frequency: nu = m*omega/(2*hbar) where `m` is the mass
and `omega` the frequency of the oscillator.
(in atomic units ``nu == omega/2``)
r :
Radial coordinate.
Examples
========
>>> from sympy.physics.sho import R_nl
>>> from sympy.abc import r, nu, l
>>> R_nl(0, 0, 1, r)
2*2**(3/4)*exp(-r**2)/pi**(1/4)
>>> R_nl(1, 0, 1, r)
4*2**(1/4)*sqrt(3)*(3/2 - 2*r**2)*exp(-r**2)/(3*pi**(1/4))
l, nu and r may be symbolic:
>>> R_nl(0, 0, nu, r)
2*2**(3/4)*sqrt(nu**(3/2))*exp(-nu*r**2)/pi**(1/4)
>>> R_nl(0, l, 1, r)
r**l*sqrt(2**(l + 3/2)*2**(l + 2)/factorial2(2*l + 1))*exp(-r**2)/pi**(1/4)
The normalization of the radial wavefunction is:
>>> from sympy import Integral, oo
>>> Integral(R_nl(0, 0, 1, r)**2*r**2, (r, 0, oo)).n()
1.00000000000000
>>> Integral(R_nl(1, 0, 1, r)**2*r**2, (r, 0, oo)).n()
1.00000000000000
>>> Integral(R_nl(1, 1, 1, r)**2*r**2, (r, 0, oo)).n()
1.00000000000000
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Returns the Energy of an isotropic harmonic oscillator.
Parameters
==========
n :
The "nodal" quantum number.
l :
The orbital angular momentum.
hw :
The harmonic oscillator parameter.
Notes
=====
The unit of the returned value matches the unit of hw, since the energy is
calculated as:
E_nl = (2*n + l + 3/2)*hw
Examples
========
>>> from sympy.physics.sho import E_nl
>>> from sympy import symbols
>>> x, y, z = symbols('x, y, z')
>>> E_nl(x, y, z)
z*(2*x + y + 3/2)
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